RFL has compiled a number of utility solutions and electric utility white papers to help answer questions you have for today's challenges.
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NEW FEATURED SOLUTION
- NEW - Utility Solutions Relay Over Packet Network JPS Case Study
The solution was developed tomodernize the substation communications network and migrate to a packet-based communications network and perform a staged migrationdeployment. - NEW - Utilizing Cellular LTE for Direct Transfer Trip of Distributed Generation
This solution was developed primarily for the Distributed Energy Resource (DER) and Distributed Generation (DG) market, where communications facilitating anti-islanding and islanding detection are challenging. - Multipoint-to-Multipoint Protective Relaying Signaling Using Digital Communications and Built-In Logic (Presented at PAC World)
ENGINEERS have long been at work implementing contemporaneous technology to solve problems. Many times, fundamental logic had been developed many years previous defining a standard specific to a utility's system configuration and experience. Understanding this standard and unique configuration is the first task in designing any new technological application. Let's take a look at these specific factors by way of introduction...
Communications Solutions
White papers concerning typical communications equipment use, such as migrating data from leased lines and maintaining legacy devices.
- Why Utilities Must Migrate from TDM to IP
Over decades, utilities have made huge investments in TDM infrastructures that use circuit switching to communicate with protective relaying and SCADA systems that protect substations and the power grid... - Migrate your TDM communications infrastructure to Packet-based infrastructure
Telecom companies nationwide have announced they will no longer offer 4-wire leased lines. The decommissioning of these analog lines threatens to render your equipment obsolete... - Migrating data from 4-wire leased lines
When migrating your data off of 4-wire leased lines, rely on RFL to give legacy equipment the advantage of today's technologies... - How do I migrate from 4-wire leased lines to a leased T1 or Ethernet service?
RFL offers a T1 multiplexer with various interfaces, allowing utilities to continue operating protection & SCADA equipment with the same security and dependability... - How do I extend Ethernet services to the substation using my existing T1 infrastructure?
A single point-to-point Ethernet service was created around a UPSR ring over OC-12 using the IMUX 2000s and the 3200 MK-10 managed switch at each node... - How do I migrate to an IP-based network while maintaining the end legacy devices?
The eXmux® 3501M TDM over IP access multiplexer was chosen because it provides an IP migration path while ensuring zero-data-loss for guaranteed reliability and integrity... - How do I increase my inter-substation data capacity in under three hours' outage time?
The fiber optic link between the substation and the control room was targeted for upgrade from 1.544 Mbps T1 to 155.52 Mbps OC-3, which is sufficient bandwidth to carry... - How do I upgrade an existing SONET network to an Ethernet network while maintaining the existing legacy devices?
The eXmux® 3501 supports the transport of legacy TDM T1 and DS0 using pseudowire TDM over IP technology... - How do I pass VT traffic from an OC-12 ring to an OC-3 spur?
The VT traffic (GARD 8000® relay circuit) can pass freely between the SONET OC-12 and OC-3 networks with a mutual USPR protection utilizing a single IMUX 2000S node... - How do I migrate from a 4-wire SCADA system to a fully redundant fiber ring in stages with minimal downtime?
The customer decided to migrate their 4-wire SCADA system to a dedicated fiber network in stages with eventual full ring protection... - How do I interoperate the IMUX 2000s SONET multiplexer with older IMUX 4000 equipment?
The customer was able to operate IMUX 2000s units within an IMUX 4000 ring, and can plan a staged upgrade for additional IMUX 2000 units... - How do I migrate from a linear T1 network to an IP ring with minimal interruptions?
A small size utility had an IMUX 2000 T1 Network in a linear configuration using a Single Mode Fiber Optic communications medium...
Protection Solutions
White papers regarding teleprotection equipment use, like utilizing analog teleprotection equipment over leased digital lines.
- NEW - Utilizing Cellular LTE for Direct Transfer Trip of Distributed Generation
This solution was developed primarily for the Distributed Energy Resource (DER) and Distributed Generation (DG) market, where communications facilitating anti-islanding and islanding detection are challenging... - How do I convert my RFL 9745 analog teleprotection equipment to operate over T1 leased digital lines?
Telephone companies will no longer support audio leased lines starting as early as 2015. This presents an issue for utilities currently operating RFL 9745 equipment with an analog communications interface.... - How Do I Bypass Power Line Carrier Signals Around a Series Capacitor While Adding It as a Third Terminal?
Two utilities are interconnected via a 100+ mile 345 kV transmission line which connects renewable generation in low-population areas with increasing demand in a metropolitan area. For various strategic and technical reasons, the regional operating body has determined that a series compensation capacitor will be installed in the middle of the transmission line... - How Do I Use Phase Comparison to Simplify Anti-Islanding Protection Compared with Direct Transfer Trip?
A utility has a looped transmission system including several interconnected substations all fed from a single-source station. In addition, a generating plant is interconnected with this loop system... - How Do I Achieve Anti-Islanding Protection Without Communications at Distribution Reclosers?
A utility has a radial distribution line, including several reclosers, from a source station. In addition, a generating plant is connected at the end of this distribution line... - Islanding Detection Using Phase Comparison
When an island occurs the Generator frequency will not equal System frequency and the phase angles will begin to drift. When a set phase angle difference (typically 90 degrees) is detected by the GARD 8000® Phase Comparison Receiver, generation is tripped... - How do I reduce field visit expenses and still comply with NERC PRC-005-2?
Since On/Off Power Line Carrier systems do not inherently provide automatic monitoring of the communications circuit, Checkback systems have been developed to automate.. - How do I extend the life of my audio tone teleprotection system?
A system using digital teleprotection at the local end and audio teleprotection at the remote end was ideal for a ruggedized near-term solution... - How do I convert my RFL 9745 analog teleprotection equipment to operate over leased DDS digital lines?
RFL offers a complete digital DDS upgrade kit that allows the customer to replace the 9745 analog interface with a digital interface module set...
